What is a Migraine? Updated Science from Dr. Angela Stanton

If you’ve been following Health By Principle for a while, you know that migraines are at the core of what we do. Our mission is to help those who suffer from migraines find relief through science-backed strategies, particularly the Stanton Migraine Protocol (SMP) developed by Dr. Angela Stanton. But migraine science is always evolving, and we want to keep you updated on the latest findings. Whether you’re new to migraine education or a seasoned expert, this blog will refresh your understanding of what a migraine is, what it is not, and how to manage it effectively.

What is a Migraine and What Causes It?

Dr. Stanton’s research challenges many traditional views on migraines. Rather than classifying migraines as just another type of headache, she asserts that there is only one migraine—a complex neurological event with distinct characteristics.

Migraines are not just severe headaches; they are a brain state experienced by those with a genetically more “environmentally adapted” brain, meaning migraineurs have heightened sensitivity to external and internal factors. This increased sensitivity can make the brain more reactive to triggers such as changes in diet, hydration, and environment.

The Stanton Migraine Protocol (SMP) focuses on restoring electrolyte balance and stabilizing neuronal function to prevent and manage migraine symptoms. Some of the key triggers and symptoms that differentiate migraines from other headaches include:

·         Sensory sensitivity (light, sound, smell)

·         Aura symptoms (visual disturbances, tingling, numbness)

·         Dizziness or vertigo

·         Cognitive impairment (forgetfulness, confusion—especially in vestibular migraines)

·         Nausea and vomiting

Dr. Stanton’s hypothesis aligns with emerging research suggesting that migraines are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. This explains why certain lifestyle modifications—like a ketogenic or low-carb diet—can significantly impact migraine severity and frequency.

If you’re wondering what is happening in the brain during a migraine, the short answer is that it’s a state of hyperexcitability. The brain struggles to maintain homeostasis, leading to waves of cortical spreading depression (CSD), which contribute to the classic symptoms of migraines.

What is NOT a Migraine?

One of the most common misconceptions is that any severe headache must be a migraine. This isn’t true. Migraines involve a complex neurological cascade that differentiates them from tension headaches, sinus headaches, or headaches caused by dehydration.

Additionally, migraines cannot be “cured” through spinal adjustments or chiropractic manipulation. While some migraineurs may experience temporary relief from chiropractic care, the root cause of migraines lies within the brain’s metabolic and electrical function—something spinal alignment alone cannot fix.

Some other common myths include:

·         Migraines are just a bad headache – False. Migraines involve neurological dysfunction and can include dizziness, aura, and nausea.

·         All migraines are the same – False. There are different subtypes, such as vestibular migraines, which can cause forgetfulness and balance issues.

·         Tea and caffeine always help migraines – Not necessarily. Some migraineurs report that certain teas can cause migraines, especially those containing tannins.

·         Migraines are always caused by allergies or anxiety – Not directly, but both can be triggers. (Read more in our blog on migraines and allergies [link]).

The Stanton Migraine Protocol: A Breakdown

The Stanton Migraine Protocol (SMP) is a science-backed approach focused on stabilizing the brain by restoring proper electrolyte balance and eliminating dietary triggers. The core principles include:

1.      Hydration & Electrolytes – Proper sodium intake is essential to prevent migraines. (What magnesium is best for migraines? Read our guide here)

2.      Dietary Adjustments – Reducing carbohydrates and increasing healthy fats help stabilize brain metabolism. The ketogenic diet, low-carb high-fat (LCHF), and Carnivore diet can be beneficial.

3.      Avoiding Triggers – Identifying and eliminating personal triggers such as certain teas, artificial sweeteners, or allergens. (Can tea cause migraines? Read more here)

4.      Balancing Neurotransmitters – Understanding how serotonin, glutamate, and GABA levels affect migraineurs and adjusting diet accordingly.

Other Suggestions from Dr. Stanton for Improving Migraine Life Quality

In addition to following the SMP, Dr. Stanton highlights several lifestyle factors that can significantly impact migraine frequency and severity:

·         Increasing Ketone Availability – Research suggests that the brain can use ketones for energy, stabilizing neurons and reducing migraine attacks. (Read more on ketones and migraines https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6638394/)

·         Reducing Carbohydrate Intake – Lowering carb consumption can help regulate insulin levels, which in turn stabilizes the brain’s excitability.

·         Increasing Sodium Intake – Many migraineurs experience relief by adding more sodium to their diet, as low sodium levels can trigger attacks.

·         Understanding Migraine Triggers in Women – Hormonal fluctuations can influence migraine frequency. (What causes migraine in females? Read more here)

·         Considering Vestibular Migraine Symptoms – If you’ve been experiencing forgetfulness or dizziness, it may be a vestibular migraine. (Can vestibular migraines cause forgetfulness?  )

Additionally, if you’ve ever wondered what a migraine cocktail is, it refers to a combination of medications often used in emergency rooms to treat severe migraine attacks. However, SMP focuses on preventative strategies rather than reactive treatments. (Read our take on migraine cocktails )

While migraines remain a mystery in many ways, the latest research—including Dr. Stanton’s groundbreaking work—has provided valuable insights into their true nature. Rather than treating migraines as just a headache, understanding their neurological and metabolic roots can lead to better, long-term management.

For those looking for more in-depth science, Dr. Stanton has published a detailed research paper, which you can find here.

If you’re interested in natural migraine relief strategies, dietary changes, or the Stanton Migraine Protocol, explore more of our Health By Principle blogs. We’re committed to helping you live a healthier, migraine-free life with science-backed solutions.